If the established food habits of the older person are poor, such habits will undoubtedly have been a long time in the making.
These habits will not be easy to change.
Poor food habits that begin during old age can also present problems.
Decreased income during retirement, physical disability, and inadequate cooking facilities may cause difficulties in food selection and preparation.
Anorexia caused by grief, loneliness, boredom, or difficulty in chewing can decrease food consumption.
Studies indicate that many senior citizens consume diets deficient in protein, vitamins C, B6, B12, folic acid, calcium and iron.
A senior diet plan should be based on the Food Guide Pyramid and the nutrients contained compared with the RDA.
Senior persons needs often vary considerably, depending on her or his condition, so each should be examined by a physician to determine specific requirements.
Variety and nutrient dense foods should be encouraged, as should the use of water.
Water is important to help prevent constipation, maintain urinary volume and prevent dehydration.
When there is serious protein and kcal malnutrition, the reason may be economic or psychosocial.
Seniors who have long hospital stays can develop protein and kcal malnutrition(PCM) in the hospital.
Seniors on occasions dislike the food, drugs may dull the appetite, and they may be lonely and depressed causing significant changes in eating behaviors.
Poor or missing teeth can make eating protein food difficult.
If overweight is a problem, it may be caused by overeating, lack of exercise, drugs or alcohol.
Any adjustment in food habits will require great tact and plans for changes must be based on the individuals total situation.